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MySQL v1.0 </doc>

티스토리

MySQL

MySQL은 데이터베이스 소프트웨어입니다. 일반적으로 데이터를 추가하거나 검색, 추출하는 기능을 모두 포함해서 데이터베이스라고 부릅니다.

MySQL은 세계에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 오픈 소스의 관계형 데이터베이스 관리 시스템(RDBMS)입니다. MySQL은 PHP 스크립트 언어와 상호 연동이 잘 되면서 오픈소스로 개발된 무료 프로그램입니다. 그래서 홈페이지나 쇼핑몰(워드프레서, cafe24, 제로보드, 그누보드) 등 일반적으로 웹 개발에 널리 사용하고 있습니다.

MySQL 설치

MAMP 설치

MAMP

MySQL 실행

윈도우

:cd MAMP/bin/mysql/bin

로그인

: mysql -uroot -proot 
//먼저 MAMP 켰는지 확인
C:\Users\line> cd c:₩
C:₩> cd MAMP/bin/mysql/bin
C:₩MAMP₩bin₩mysql₩bin> mysql -uroot -proot  //로그인

//로그인 성공
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.24 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

맥

: Application/mamp/Library/bin

로그인

: sudo ./mysql -uroot -p
: mac password
: root password 
MacBook-Air ~ % cd /Applications/MAMP/Library/bin
MacBook-Air bin % sudo ./mysql -uroot -p
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 186
Server version: 5.7.34 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

데이터베이스

데이터베이스 만들기

create database 데이터베이스 이름; 
mysql> create database sample;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

데이터베이스 보기

show databases; 
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sample             |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

데이터베이스 사용

use 데이터베이스 이름; 
mysql> use sample;
Database changed

데이터베이스 삭제

drop database 데이터베이스 이름; 
mysql> drop database sample;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

테이블

테이블 만들기

create table 테이블 이름; 
mysql> CREATE TABLE myData (
        myMemberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment comment "회원의 고유번호", 
        youEmail varchar(40) NOT NULL comment "회원 아이디", 
        youName varchar(12) NOT NULL comment "회원 이름",
        youPass varchar(20) NOT NULL comment "회원 비밀번호",
        youBirth varchar(12) NOT NULL comment "회원 생일",
        youAge varchar(12) NOT NULL comment "회원 나이",
        regTime int(11) NOT NULL comment "회원 가입 시간",
        PRIMARY KEY (myMemberID)
    ) charset=utf8 comment "회원 정보 테이블";

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

CREATE TABLE myMember (
    memberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    youEmail varchar(40) NOT NULL,
    youName varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youPass varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youBirth int(20) NOT NULL,
    youAge int(20) NOT NULL,
    youPhone int(20) NOT NULL,
    regTime int(11) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (memberID)
) charset=utf8;

테이블 전체 보기

show tables; 
mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_tast01 |
+------------------+
| mydata           |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

테이블 보기

desc 테이블 이름; 
mysql> desc myData;
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| myMemberID | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| youEmail   | varchar(40)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youName    | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youPass    | varchar(20)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youBirth   | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youAge     | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| regTime    | int(11)          | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

테이블 삭제

drop table 테이블 이름; 
mysql> drop table myMember;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

테이블 복사

create table 새로운 테이블명 SELECT*FROM 복사할 테이블명; 
mysql> create table myMember1 SELECT*FROM myMember;

테이블 구조 복사

create table 새로운 테이블명 LIKE 복사할 테이블명; 
mysql> create table myMember2 LIKE myMember;

테이블 데이터 복사

INSERT INTO 새로운 테이블명 SELECT*FROM 복사할 테이블명; 
mysql> INSERT INTO myMember3 SELECT*FROM myMember1;

테이블 수정

필드 추가하기

ALTER TABLE 테이블명 ADD 추가할 필드명 AFTER 필드명 위치; 
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('webstoryboy@naver.com','황상연','12dfsdecv','19920405','33','01039858583','578365839');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('jungsik321@naver.com', '김정식', '1234', '19930209', '30', '01025738580', '20220314');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('ik6623@naver.com','박종호','1234qwer','19950909','28','01040976623','10293857');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('rmsgur2275@gmail.com','박근혁','alcls2860','19980611','25','01058122860', '12345678');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('apdlvmf8044@gmail.com', '송준섭', 'qweasdf', '19931120', '30', '01088648044', '21846351');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('sbxjs6999@naver.com','박근희','1234qwer','19970214','28',01041046999,'12345678');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('seongwoo@lycos.com','박성우','123456asd','19910506','32', '01044779156','54216451');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('dnwls7738@naver.com','천우진', '12asdf', '19960324', '27', '01055805274', '45678941');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('dnstjq6305@naver.com', '조운섭', 'qweasdf', '19911110', '32', '01024068904', '12345678');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('lhw1847@gmail.com','이현우','1234','19971221','26', '01055332287', '0303');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('dhtpfls321@naver.com', '오세린', '1234', '19980214', '25', '01032229944', '12345678');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('GarenChoi@naver.com','최근영','1234','19970117','26','01054651345','234');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('sna12345@naver.com', '배석찬','1234','19960727','27','01033125279','03270327');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('sbxjs6999@naver.com','박근희','1234qwer','19970214','26',01041046999,'12345678');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('wwuu123@naver.com','최가영','12345678','19970506','26','01066179991','12345678');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('illie@naver.com', '류성일', 'ryuPass', '19940426', '29', '01055327391', '1440');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('jsjh442@naver.com','박지선','1234','19980423','25','01057421662','12341234');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('ohwehoh@naver.com','이연우','dldus1358','19950720','28','01014141441','12341234');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('go_goa@naver.com' ,'김현우', '159753', '19920126', '31', '01087361836', '40250371');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('placidcy@gmail.com', '김지섭', '1234', '19900212', '32', '01011112222','20220314');

필드 수정하기

ALTER TABLE 테이블명 MODIFY 수정할 필드명; 
mysql> ALTER TABLE myData MODIFY youGender int(20);
Query OK, 10 rows affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 10  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> desc myData;
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| myMemberID | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| youEmail   | varchar(40)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youName    | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youPass    | varchar(20)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youBirth   | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youAge     | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youGender  | int(20)          | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| regTime    | int(11)          | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

필드 삭제하기

ALTER TABLE 테이블명 DROP 삭제할 필드명 
ALTER TABLE myData DROP youGender;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> desc myData;
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| myMemberID | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| youEmail   | varchar(40)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youName    | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youPass    | varchar(20)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youBirth   | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youAge     | varchar(12)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| regTime    | int(11)          | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

테이블 데이터

데이터 입력하기

INSERT INTO 필드명(입력할 데이터) VALUES(입력할 데이터값); 
INSERT INTO myData(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('wwuu123@naver.com','최가영','12345678','19970506','26','01066179991','12345678');

데이터 불러오기

SELECT*FROM 테이블명;

전체 데이터 불러오기

mysql> SELECT*FROM myMember;

조건 데이터 불러오기

SELECT*FROM 테이블명 WHERE 조건;

회원아이디가 10번인 경우

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE MemberID = 10;

회원아이디가 10번이 아닌 경우

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE MemberID  <> 10;

회원아이디가 5~10번인 경우

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE MemberID >=5 and MemberID <=10;

범위 조건 데이터 불러오기

SELECT*FROM 테이블명 WHERE 컬럼명 BETWEEN 시작값 AND 끝값;

회원아이디가 5~10번인 경우

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE MemberID BETWEEN 5 AND 10;

회원아이디가 5~10번이 아닌 경우

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE NOT MemberID BETWEEN 5 AND 10;

해당 조건 데이터 불러오기

SELECT*FROM 테이블명 WHERE 컬럼명 IN(값1, 값2, 값3.......); 
 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE NOT MemberID IN(4,5,13,14);

패턴 조건 데이터 불러오기

SELECT*FROM 테이블명 WHERE 컬럼명 LIKE;

이메일 중에 never 텍스트가 포함된 경우

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youEmail LIKE '%naver%';

이메일 중에 wed 텍스트로 시작되는 경우

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youEmail LIKE 'wed%';

이메일 중에 com 텍스트로 끝나는 경우

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youEmail LIKE '%com';

이름 중에 '김' 텍스트로 시작되는 멤버 출력

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youName LIKE '김%';

이름 중에 '김'이거나 '황'씨인 경우의 멤버 출력

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youName LIKE '김%' OR youName LIKE '황%';

이름 중에 중간 글자가 '근'인 경우의 멤버 출력

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youName LIKE '_근_';

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youName LIKE '__연';

논리 연산자 데이터 불러오기

SELECT*FROM 테이블명 WHERE 컬럼명 연산자;

나이가 30살 이상이고 또는(OR) 김씨인 멤버

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youAge >=30 || youName LIKE '김%';

나이가 20살 이상이면서(AND) 김씨인 멤버

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE youAge >=20 && youName LIKE '김%';

멤버아이디가 2또는 10 그리고 나이가 30이상인 경우

 SELECT * FROM myMember WHERE (memberID=2 OR memberID=10) AND youAge >=30;

데이터 갯수 불러오기

SELECT*FROM 테이블명 LIMIT 표시할 수; 
SELECT*FROM myMember LIMIT 12;
SELECT*FROM myMember LIMIT 5,10;
SELECT youEmail FROM myMember LIMIT 5,10;

내림차순/오름차순

SELECT*FROM 테이블명 ORDER by 컬럼명 정렬방식(DESC/ASC); 
SELECT*FROM myMember ORDER by youAge DESC;
SELECT*FROM myMember ORDER by youAge ASC;

데이터 수정하기

UPDATE 테이블명 SET 컬럼명 조건

모든 회원의 비밀번호를 '1234' 변경

UPDATE myMember SET youPass = '1234';

아이디 번호가 3,모든 회원의 비밀번호를 '1234' 변경

UPDATE myMember SET youPass = '1234' WHERE boardID = 3;

5부터 10회원의 비밀번호를 '1234567' 변경

UPDATE myMember SET youPass = '1234567' where  memberID BETWEEN 5 and 10;

데이터 삭제하기

전체 데이터 삭제

DELETE FROM 테이블명 OR DELETE*FROM 테이블명 
DELETE FROM myMember

조건 데이터 삭제

DELETE FROM 테이블명 조건

조건 삭제 : 회원 아이디가 5번 멤버를 삭제

  DELETE FROM myMember WHERE memberID = 5;

조건 삭제 : 패스워드가 '****' 멤버를 삭제

 DELETE FROM myMember WHERE youPass = '****';

정렬 삭제 : 이름을 기준으로 5번째까지 멤버를 삭제

DELETE FROM myMember ORDER by youName LIMIT 5;

지정 삭제 : 지정한 멤버 삭제

DELETE FROM myMember WHERE memberID IN(8,9,10);

테이블 합치기

CREATE TABLE myMember (
    memberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    youEmail varchar(40) NOT NULL,
    youName varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youPass varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youBirth int(20) NOT NULL,
    youAge int(20) NOT NULL,
    youPhone int(20) NOT NULL,
    regTime int(11) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (memberID)
) charset=utf8;

CREATE TABLE myReview (
    reviewID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    memberID int(10) unsigned,
    youCont tinytext NOT NULL,
    regTime int(11) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (reviewID)
) charset=utf8;

INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('1','너무 좋네요','1234');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('2','ㅇㄴㅁ너무 좋네요','1234');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('3','너ㄴㅇㅁㄴ무 좋네요','1234');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('4','너ㅇㅁㄴㅇㅁㄴㅇ무 좋네요','1234');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('5','너무ㄴㅇㅁ 좋네요','1234');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('6','너무ㅇㅁㄴ 좋네요','1234');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('7','너무 좋ㅇㄴㅁㅇ네요','1234');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('8','너무ㅇㅁㄴ 좋네요','1234');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('9','너무 ㅇㅁㄴ좋네요','1234');
INSERT INTO myReview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('10','너무 ㅇㄴㅁ','1234');

INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('4', '정말 감사합니다. 너무 좋네요!', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('7', '이거 정말 사야돼!!', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('1', '이거 가방 오나전 별루예요.. 사진빨', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('9', '이거 좋다! 좋다! 좋다!', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('12', '마라탕 먹고싶다.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('3', '오늘은 정말 마라탕 먹고싶다.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('16', '가성비 짱입니다. 당장 사세요.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('19', '안녕하세요. 안녕하세요.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('2', '안녕못해요. 안녕못해요.', '12345');
INSERT INTO myreview(memberID, youCont, regTime) VALUES('14', '빨리빨리빨리.', '12345');

JOIN 사용하기

SELECT 필드명 FROM 테이블명 앨리어스 JOIN 연결할 테이블명 엘리어스 ON (조건문); 
SELECT m.youName, m.youEmail, r.youCont, r.regTime FROM myMember m JOIN myReview r ON(m.memberID = r.memberID);

필드명 바꾸기

SELECT 필드명 AS 기존 필드명 대신 출력할 필드명 FROM 테이블명 
SELECT m.youName, m.youEmail, r.youCont AS regTime FROM myMember m JOIN myReview r ON(m.memberID = r.memberID);

필드명 내용이 없는 경우 표시

LEFT JOIN 
SELECT m.youName, m.youEmail, r.youCont, r.regTime FROM myMember m LEFT JOIN myReview r ON(m.memberID = r.memberID);

집계 함수

CREATE TABLE myRecode(
    recodeID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    memberID int(10) unsigned,
    javascript tinyint NOT NULL,
    html tinyint NOT NULL,
    css tinyint NOT NULL,
    mysql tinyint NOT NULL,
    react tinyint NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (recodeID)
) charset=utf8;

INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(1, 50, 30, 40, 30, 10);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(2, 40, 10, 20, 10, 20);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(3, 50, 70, 60, 50, 30);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(4, 60, 40, 50, 70, 10);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(5, 70, 60, 40, 30, 20);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(6, 80, 30, 60, 30, 30);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(7, 90, 30, 40, 50, 10);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(8, 10, 90, 40, 10, 10);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(9, 10, 20, 40, 40, 10);
INSERT INTO myRecode(memberID, javascript, html, css, mysql, react) VALUES(10, 30, 10, 90, 70, 60);

집계함수의 종류

SELECT count(javascript) FROM myRecode;
SELECT sum(javascript) FROM myRecode;
SELECT avg(javascript) FROM myRecode;
SELECT max(javascript) FROM myRecode;
SELECT min(javascript) FROM myRecode;

그룹별 집계

GROUP BY

SELECT 필드명 FROM 테이블명 GROUP BY 필드명 
SELECT count(javascript) FROM myRecode;